What is the EORI number and why is it essential for international trade?
- Cinterqual
- Jul 19
- 2 min read
Updated: Jul 20
If your business imports or exports goods outside the European Union, understanding the EORI number is crucial. In this article, we explain what the EORI is, who needs it, and how to obtain it in Portugal. Learn how it is evolving into a strategic tool for international commerce.
What is the EORI Number?
EORI stands for Economic Operators Registration and Identification number. It is a unique ID used by businesses and individuals engaging in cross-border trade with non-EU countries.
In Portugal, the EORI number consists of the prefix “PT” followed by the company’s Tax Identification Number (NIF). Example: PT123456789
Note: The EORI does not replace the NIF, but the two are linked.
What is the EORI Number Used For?
The EORI number is required for all customs-related operations that involve identifying the economic operator:
Importing/exporting goods outside the EU
Customs declarations and clearances
Communication with EU customs authorities
It is valid throughout the European Economic Area and is typically valid for 10 years..
Who Needs an EORI Number?
EU-based companies trading goods with non-EU countries
Non-EU companies trading with the EU (e.g. from the USA, UK, Brazil)
Freight forwarders, customs agents and logistics operators
Private individuals (in some cases, for occasional commercial activities with non-EU countries)
How to Get an EORI Number in Portugal?
In Portugal, the EORI number is issued by the Tax and Customs Authority (Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira - AT). Once registered, your EORI is included in the European Commission’s central database, allowing online validation:
What Information is Included in the EORI Record?
Full name (individual or legal entity)
Address or business location
Whether the entity is established in the EU customs territory
VAT identification number(s)
Consent for personal data disclosure
Start and expiry date of the EORI
The EORI Number is Evolving
The EORI number is no longer just a customs requirement — it's evolving into a strategic instrument for risk management, digital trade, and international supply chain integration. Its relevance is expected to increase as global trade becomes more interconnected and digitally managed.
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